A special economic zone (SEZ) is a special geographical region demarcated to encourage foreign investment and promote domestic economic activity
To encourage foreign investment and provide a competitive and hassle-free environment for businesses to flourish, the concept of Special Economic Zones (SEZs) was introduced in India, in April 2000. The objective was to offer a level playing field to all domestic enterprises to compete globally, with infrastructural support from the state and central governments. So, what are SEZs and how are they different from other manufacturing and business zones? Here is all you need to know.
What is SEZ?
SEZ is a specially demarcated area or a geographical region that is considered as a duty-free enclave and has different economic laws than the rest of the country. While the objective is to attract foreign investments, the SEZ also attracts domestic companies, because of its infrastructural advantages. Some of the countries that have successfully implemented the SEZ policy are China, Poland, the Philippines, and Russia.
Who sets up SEZs?
In India, most of the SEZs are set up through a collaboration between the state and central governments. However, any private, public or joint sector agency can also set up SEZs. State governments have a very important role to play in the establishment of these economic zones, as the proposals have to be approved by the local authorities initially, who should give their consent for providing basic infrastructure facilities to the delineated area, such as water, electricity, transportation, etc. Also, the statutory functions of maintaining these SEZs rests with the government. A unit approval committee is formed, which consists of a development commissioner, customs officer, and a state government representative, who monitors the performance of SEZs.
Features of SEZ in India
- Enterprises that set up their establishment in SEZs are entitled to incentives, which may include free electricity, water supply, subsidy on land prices, etc.
- These economic zones are designated duty-free industrial parks, to be treated as foreign territory for trade operations, duties, and tariffs.
- Usually, no license is required for import, and businesses get exemption from customs duty, on import of capital goods, raw materials, consumable spares, etc.
- SEZs may enjoy exemption from payment of sales tax and service tax on the sale or purchase of goods or services.
- Any supply of goods or services or both to an SEZ unit is considered a zero-rated supply. In other words, supplies into SEZs are exempted from Goods and Services Tax (GST) and are considered as exports.
- Special economic zones have employer-friendly labor laws. For example, since SEZ units are considered as ‘public utility services’, no strikes are allowed in such companies without giving the employer six weeks’ prior notice, in addition to the other conditions mentioned in the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947.
List of SEZ in India
| SEZ name | Location |
| Visakhapatnam Special Economic Zone | Visakhapatnam |
| Apache SEZ Development India Private Limited, Nellore | Tada Mandal, Nellore District |
| Hetero Infrastructure Private Limited, Vskp | Nakkapalli, Vishakapatnam |
| Divi’S Laboratories Limited, Vskp | Chippada, Visakhapatnam |
| Brandix India Apparel City Private Ltd., Vskp | Atchutapuram, Visakhapatnam |
| Jawaharlal Nehru Pharma City, Ramky Pharma City (India) Pvt Ltd, Vskp | Parawada Mandal, Visakhapatnam |
| Mas Fabric Park (India) Pvt Ltd, Nellore | Nellore |
| M/S Bhartiya International SEZ Ltd | Nellore |
| Andhra Pradesh Special Economic Zone | Atchutapuram, Visakhapatnam |
| M/S Apiic Ltd, Naidupeta | Nellore |
| Parry Infrastructure Company Private Limited, Kakinada | Kakinada |
| Sricity Pvt Ltd, Chittoor | Chittoor |
| Iffco Kisan SEZ | Nellore, AP |
| Dr. Reddy’s Laboratories Ltd | Srikakulam |
| Apiic Ltd | Village Annagi and Bodduvaripalem, Maddipadu and Korispadu, District Prakasam |
| Apiic, Madhurwada, Hill No 2 | Visakhapatnam |
| Apiic Ltd (IT/ITeS) Madhurwada, Hill No 3 | Visakhapatnam |
| Apiic It SEZ Kakinada | Kakinada |
| Apiic Ltd & L&T, Keesarapalli | Nakkapalli, Visakhapatnam |
| Rajiv Gandhi Technology Park, Phase-1 Chandigarh | Chandigarh |
| Rajiv Gandhi Technology Park, Phase-2, Chandigarh | Chandigarh |
| Lanco Solar Pvt Ltd | Vill-Mehrumkhurd & Chawardhal, Chhattisgarh |
| Kandla Special Economic Zone | KaSEZ, Kutch |
| Surat Special Economic Zone | Sachin, Surat |
| Adani Mundra Port / Adani Ports | Mundra |
| Surat Apparel Park | Vans, Surat |
| Dahej SEZ Ltd | (Pertains To DC, Dahej SEZ) |
| Synefra Engg & Const Ltd (Formerly Known As Suzlon Infrastructure Ltd) | Vadodara |
| Jubilant Infrastructure Ltd | Vagra, Bharuch |
| E Complex Pvt Ltd | Amreli |
| Zydus Infrastructure Pvt Ltd | Sanand, Ahmedabad |
| Euro Multivision Pvt Ltd | Vill. Shikra, Tal Bhachau |
| Reliance Jamnagar Infrastructure Ltd | Jamnagar |
| GiDC Apparel Park Ahmedabad | Ahmedabad |
| Sterling SEZ Pvt Ltd | (Pertains To DC, Sterling Ez) |
| Aqualine Properties Pvt Ltd. Gandhinagar | Gandhinagar |
| L&T Ltd Vill Ankhol, Vadodara | Vadodara |
| Tata Consultancy Services Ltd, Gandhinagar | Gandhinagar |
| Gift Multi Service SEZ | Gandhinagar, Gujarat |
| Electronic Park SEZ (Ehtp/IT/ITeS) | Gandhinagar |
| Asf Insignia SEZ Pvt Ltd (Formerly Known As Canton Buildwell Pvt Ltd) | Village Gawal Pahari, Tehsil Sohna Gurgaon, Haryana |
| Gurgaon Infospace Ltd, Gurgaon | Gurgaon, Haryana |
| DLF Limited | Gurgaon, Haryana |
| DLF Cyber City, Gurgaon | Gurgaon, Haryana |
| Unitech Realty Projects Ltd | Gurgaon, Haryana |
| Anant Raj Industries Ltd | Sonepat, Haryana |
| Biocon Special Economic Zone | Anekal Taluk, Bengaluru, Karnataka |
| Synefra Special Economic Zone | Udupi Taluk, Karnataka |
| Manyata Embassy Business Park SEZ | Bengaluru, Karnataka |
| Wipro Limited (Electronic City) | Varthur Hobli, Electronic City, Bengaluru, Karnataka |
| Wipro Limited (Sarjapur) | Varthur Hobli, Sarjapur Road, Karnataka |
| Infosys Ltd SEZ (Mangaluru) | Bantwal Taluk, Dakshina, Kannada Dist, Karnataka |
| Infosys Ltd SEZ (Mysuru) | Hebbal Industrial Area, District. Mysuru, Karnataka |
| Vrindavan Techvillage SEZ (Formerly MS Vikas Telecom Ltd) | Bengaluru, Karnataka |
| Rmz Ecoworld Infrastructure Pvt Ltd (Formerly Adarsh Prime Projects Pvt Ltd) | Devarabeesanahalli, Bhoganahalli And Doddakanahalli, Karnataka |
| Divyasree Technopark | Kundalahalli, Krishnarajapuram, Karnataka |
| International Technology Park Ltd (ITPL) | Bengaluru Karnataka |
| Cessna SEZ | Bengaluru, Karnataka |
| Global Village (Formerly Tanglin SEZ) | Pattengere/Mylasandra Villages, Karnataka |
| HCL Technologies Ltd | Bengaluru District, Karnataka |
| Pritech Park SEZ (Primal Projects Ltd) | Bengaluru, Karnataka |
| Bagmane SEZ | Bengaluru North, Karnataka |
| Gopalan Enterprises Pvt Ltd (Global Axis-Hoodi) | KR Puram, Whitefield Bengaluru, Karnataka |
| Karle Projects | |
| Mangalore Special Economic Zone | Karnataka |
| Kochi Petrochemicals | Ernakulam District, Kerala |
| Vizhinjam Port of Trivandrum Sez | Thiruvananthapuram District, Kerala |
| Kochi Refineries | Ernakulam District, Kerala |
| Kiadb Pharmaceutical Special Economic Zone | Alappuzha , Kerala |
| Fertilizers and Chemicals Travancore Cochin FACT Aluva | Ernakulam District, Kerala |
| Ksidb SEZ Kannur – Textiles | Kannur, Kerala |
| Ksidc Food Processing Special Economic Zone | Samudravalli, Turavur , Kerala |
| KAL Aerospace SEZ, Kannur | Mattanur , Kannur , Kerala |
| Keonics Adoor | Village Thengamam And Prakoode, District Pathanamthitta, Kerala |
| Larsen and Toubro SEZ | Ksidc Industrial Area, Aluva District Ernakulam, Kerala |
| Cochin Special Economic Zone | Cochin, Kerala |
| Vallarpadam SEZ | Vallarpadam, Kerala |
| Kinfra Film & Video Park (KFVP) | Trivandrum, Kerala |
| Puthuvypeen SEZ | |
| Kinfra (Food Processing) SEZ Kakkancherry | Kerala |
| Infopark | Kochi |
| Electronic Technology Park-1 | Trivandrum |
| Electronics Technology Park-Ii (MS Electronics Technology Parks) | Trivandrum |
| Ksitil Kollam | Kollam |
| Electronic Technology Park-3 | Trivandrum |
| Carborundum SEZ | Kerala |
| Ksitil (Cherthala) | Kerala |
| Kerala Industrial Infrastructure Development Corporation (Kinfra) | Thrikkakara Village, Kanayannur Taluk, Ernakulam District, Kerala |
| Ksitil Kozhikode | Kozhikode |
| Indore SEZ | Sector-3, Pithampur District Dhar (MP) |
| Crystal IT Park SEZ (MP Audoyogik Kendra Vikas Nigam (Indore) Ltd) | Indore In The State Of Madhya Pradesh |
| SEEPZ SEZ | Mumbai, Maharashtra |
| Maharashtra Airport Development Company Ltd (Mihan SEZ ) | Mihan, District Nagpur |
| Serum Bio Pharma Park SEZ | 212/2, Off Soil Poonawala Rod, Hadapsar, Pune |
| Maharashtra Industrial Development Corporation, Aurangabad | Shendre Industrial Area, District Aurangabad |
| Infosys Limited | Rajiv Gandhi Infotech Park, Ph-II, Village Mann, Taluka Mulashi, Pune |
| Wipro Ltd | Maharashtra |
| Neopro Technologies Pvt Ltd SEZ (Formerly known as M/S Flagship Infrastructure Pvt Ltd) | Village Hinjewadi Taluka Mulshi, Pune |
| The Manjri Stud Farm Pvt Ltd | S No 209, Next to Satyapuram Society Pune – Saswad Road, Phursungi, Pune |
| Syntel International Pvt Ltd | Talawade Software Park, District Pune |
| Magarpatta Township Development And Construction Company Ltd | Magarpatta City Village, Hadapsar, Taluka Haveli, District Pune |
| Maharashtra Industrial Development Corporation, Hinjewadi, Pune | Rajiv Gandhi Infotech Park, Ph III, Hinjewadi, Pune |
| Eon Kharadi Infrastructure Pvt Ltd | Taluka Haveli, District Pune |
| Pune Embassy India Pvt Ltd | Plot No 3, Rajiv Gandhi Infotech Park, Phase II, Hinjewadi, Taluka Mulshi, District Pune |
| Quadron Business Park Ltd (Formerly known as DLF Akruti Info Parks) | Plot No 28, MIDC Rajiv Gandhi Infotech Park, Hinjewadi, Phase II District Pune |
| Hiranandani Business Park | Pawai, Mumbai |
| Serene Properties Pvt Ltd | Kalwa Trans Thane Creek Industrial Area, MIDC, District Thane |
| Wockhardt Infrastructure Development Ltd | Shendre Industrial Area, District Aurangabad |
| Maharashtra Industrial Development Corporation SEZ – Nanded | Krushnoor Industrial Area, Nanded District, Nanded |
| Khed Economic Infrastructure Pvt Ltd | Kanhersar Taluka Khed, District Pune, Maharashtra |
| Wardha Power Company Ltd | Wardha Growth Center, District Chandrapur |
| M/S Arshiya International Ltd | Village Sai, Taluka Panvel, District Raigad |
| Gigaplex Estate Private Limited | Gigaoplex, Plot No 05, MIDC Knowledge Park, Airoli, Navi Mumbai |
| Maharashtra Industrial Development Corporation, Kesurdi Satara | Kesurdi Taluka Khandala, District Satara |
| Maharashtra Industrial Development Corporation SEZ, Phaltan, District Satara | MIDC Phaltan, District Satara |
| Sunstream City Pvt Ltd (Formerly) | Village Mulund, Taluka Kurla, Dist Mumbai Suburban and Village Kopari, Taluka Thane, District Thane |
| Orissa Industries Dev Cor IT SEZ | Bhubaneswar |
| Vedanta Aluminium Limited | Brundamal And Kurbaga Villages, Tehsil and District – Jharsuguda, Orissa |
| Ranbaxy Laboratories Ltd | Plot No A-41, Focal Point, Mohali, Punjab |
| Quarkcity India Pvt Ltd | Mohali |
| Jaipur SEZ | Jaipur, Rajasthan |
| Mahindra World City (Jaipur) Ltd | Jaipur, Rajasthan |
| Mahindra World City (Jaipur) Ltd | Kalwara Village, Jaipur, Rajasthan |
| MEPZ Special Economic Zone | Chennai |
| L&T Shipbuilding | Kattupalli |
| Mahindra | Chingleput |
| Nokia | Sriperumbudur |
| Flextronics Technologies (India) Private Limited | Sriperumbudur |
| Cheyyar SEZ | Cheyyar |
| Synefra Construction Ltd (Suzlon Infrastructure Ltd) | Coimbatore |
| AMRL SEZ | Nanguneri Taluk, Tirunelveli District |
| Pearl City Cccl | Tuticorin |
| Sipcot | Oragadam |
| Sipcot Hi-Tech | Sriperumbudur |
| Sipcot | Ranipet |
| Sipcot | Gangaikondan |
| Sipcot | Perundurai |
| New Chennai | Cheyyur |
| J Matadee | Mannur Village |
| TCS | Siruseri |
| Syntel | Siruseri |
| Ig3 Infra Limited (Etl Infrastructure Services Limited) | Thoraipakkam |
| Hexaware Technologies Limited | Siruseri |
| Shriram Properties And Infrastructure Private Limited | Chennai |
| Chil | Coimbatore |
| DLF Info City | Porur |
| Elcot | Sholinganallur |
| Elcot | Coimbatore |
| Estancia IT Park (Formerly known as L&T Arun Ecello) | Chennai |
| Span Ventures | Coimbatore |
| Eta Techno | Navalur |
| Elcot | Trichy |
| Cognizant | Siruseri |
| Elcot, Ilandhakulam | Ilanthaikulam |
| Tril Info Park | Tarama |
| Ig3 Infra Ltd | Uthukuli |
| NSL SEZ, Uppal | Uppal |
| DLF Commercial Developers Ltd, Gachibowli | Gachibowli |
| APIIC Ltd – Nanakramguda | Nanakramguda |
| Wipro Limited, Gopannapally | Gopannapally |
| Sundew Properties, Madhapur | Madhapur |
| Stargaze Properties Pvt Ltd, RR Dist | RR District |
| Serene Properties, Ghatkesar | Ghatkesar |
| Jt Holdings Pvt Ltd, RR Dist | RR District |
| Divyasree Nsl, Raidurga | Raidurga, Gachibowli |
| Infosys Tech, Pocharam | Pocharam |
| CMC Limited, Gachibowli | Gachibowli |
| Phoenix Infoparks Pvt Ltd, Gachibowli | Gachibowli |
| Hyderabad Gems SEZ Ltd, RR Dist | RR District |
| M/S GMR Hyderabad Aviation SEZ Limited, Hyderabad | Village Mamidipalli, Rr District |
| Fab City Spv (India) Pvt Ltd, RR Dist | RR District |
| M/S Apiic Ltd., Adibatla, Ibrahim Patnam, RR Dist, | Ranga Reddy District, AP |
| Apiic Pharma SEZ – JaDCherla | JaDCherla |
| Tech Mahindra Limited (Satyam Computers), Bahadurpally | Bahadurpally |
| Tech Mahindra Limited (Satyam Computers), Madhapur | Madhapur |
| Maytas Enterprises SEZ Pvt Ltd, Gopannpally | Gopanpally |
| Indu Techzone Pvt Ltd, Mamidipally | Mamidipally |
| Lanco Hills Technology, Manikonda | Manikonda |
| Wipro Limited, Manikonda | Manikonda |
| TCSl Ltd, Adibatla | Adibatla(Developer) |
| Navayuga Legala Estates Pvt Ltd, Serilingampally | Serilingampally |
| Apiic Ltd | Shameerpet RR District |
| OMICS International | Chandanagar-Ameenpur Medak District |
| Noida Special Economic Zone | Uttar Pradesh |
| Moradabad SEZ | Moradabad, UP |
| Moser Baer SEZ, Greater Noida | Greater Noida |
| Aachvis Softech Pvt Ltd | Sector-135, Noida, Uttar Pradesh |
| HCL Technologies | Noida |
| Wipro Ltd | Greater Noida |
| NIIT Technologies Limited SEZ | Plot No Tz-02, Sector-Tech Zone, ITES Park, Greater Noida, UP |
| Ansal IT City And Parks Limited | Greater Noida |
| Seaview Developers Limited | Sector-135, Noida, Uttar Pradesh |
| Arshiya Northern Ftwz Limited | Khurja, Bulandshahr, Uttar Pradesh |
| Artha Infratech Pvt Ltd | Plot No 21, Sector-Techzone – IV, Greater Noida |
| Falta Special Economic Zone | Falta, West Bengal |
| Manikanchan SEZ, W Bengal | Kolkata, West Bengal |
| Salt Lake Electronic City – Wipro, West Bengal | Kolkata, West Bengal |
| ML Dalmiya & Co Ltd | Kolkata |
| Unitech Hi-Tech Structures Ltd | Rajarhat, Kolkata, West Bengal |
| Tata Consultancy Services Limited | Rajarhat, Kolkata, West Bengal |
| DLF Limited | Rajarhat, Kolkata, West Bengal |
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