How to add a co-owner to a property?

Types of deeds for transferring partial rights in a property

There are two ways in which the owner can add a joint owner to his property. He can either create a sale deed or a gift deed.

Sale deed: This transaction takes the form of a typical sale. In this process, a new sale deed must be created, clearly mentioning the portion of the property that is being transferred in the name of the co-owner. As with all sale deeds, this deed must be registered at the sub-registrar’s office of the area concerned. Stamp duty and registration charges would be applicable at the time of registration of the new sale deed.

Gift deed: Property owners can also be shared by way of gifting a portion of the asset to the intended beneficiary. In this process, a deed of a gift must be executed and duly registered at the sub-registrar’s office of the area concerned. Stamp duty and registration charges would be applicable at the time of registration of the gift deed.

Clarity of title

In the new deed, clarify how you and your co-owner would share the title. If you want to share it equally, joint tenancy with the right of survivorship would come into the picture. In this case, if one of you dies, the ownership automatically passes to the other. In case of an unequal share, the co-ownership would be a tenancy in common.

Stamp duty and registration charges for sale deed/ gift deed

Implications of adding a co-owner on home loans

In case the owner is still servicing a home loan on the property that he plans to partially gift or sell, he will have to inform the bank about the whole arrangement. To add a co-owner, the bank would have to create a new home loan agreement, which must be registered after paying the due stamp duty and registration charges.

The bank would also insist on making the co-owner a co-borrower in the home loan application. The bank will follow its standard procedures and do a background check on the creditworthiness of the new party. The owners will have to pay all the charges, according to the bank’s policies.

Income tax implications of adding a co-owner to a property

For homes owned in joint names, spouses can individually claim tax rebates under Section 24 and Section 80C of the income tax law. On the future sale of the property, the co-owners will have to pay capital gains tax, proportionate to their share in the property.

Word of caution

Adding a co-owner to your property is a scenario that must not be entered into lightly. It must be a well-thought-out decision, on the part of the original owner, since it involves costs and control issues.  The co-owner, for instance, has a proprietorship over the property.

The original owner will have to consult with the co-owners, for future sale and distribution of the said property. The new owner can also decide whether he wants to live in the house or rent it out. He is also free to sell or mortgage his share in the property. To avoid these issues, the new deed must clearly mention the kind of right that you want to provide to the new co-owner.